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Authors: Karl Marx
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the capitalist bears a higher ratio to the capital employed.» ( ibidem , p. 63)
135. «… the value of labour does not entirely depend on the proportion of the whole [504] produce, which is given to the labourers in exchange for their labour, but also on the productiveness of […] labour…» ( ibidem , pp. 63-64)
135. «The proposition, that when labour rises profits must fall, it true only when its rise is not owing to an increase in its productive powers.» ( ibidem , p. 64)
135. «… if this productive power be augmented, that is, if the same labour produce more commodities in the same time, labour may rise in value without a fall, nay even with a rise of profits.» ( ibidem , p. 66)
135. «Whatever the produce of the labour of six men might be, whether 100 or 200 or 300 quarters of corn, yet so long as the proportion of the capitalist was one fourth of the produce, that fourth part estimated in labour would be invariably the same. Were the produce 100 quarters, then, as 75 quarters would be given to 6 men, the 25 accruing to the capitalist would command the labour of 2 men: if the produce were 300 quarters, the 6 men would obtain 225 quarters, and the 75 falling to the capitalist would still command 2 men and no more,» ( ibidem , página 69)
136. «Thus a rise in the proportion which went to the capitalist would be the same as an increase of the value of profits estimated in labour , or, in other words, an increase in their power of commanding labour,» ( ibidem , p. 69)
136. «… profits denotes… not an article which can be exchanged against other articles.» ( ibidem , p. 62)
136. «Should it be objected to the doctrine of profits and the value of labour rising at the same time, that as the commodity produced is the only source whence the capitalist and the labourer can obtain their remuneration , it necessarily follows that what one gains the other loses, the reply is obvious. So long as the product continues the same, this is undeniably true; but it is equally undeniable, that if the product be doubled the portion of both may be increased , although the proportion of one is lessened and that of the other augmented,» (ibidem , p. 70)
137. «So long as the product continues the same, this is undeniably true; but it is equally undeniable, that if the product be doubled the portion of both may be increased, although the proportion of one is lessened and that of the other augmented. Now it is an increase in the portion of the product assigned to the labourer which constitutes a rise in the value of his labour; but it is an increase in the proportion assigned to the capitalist which constitutes a rise in […] profits; whence it clearly follows, that there is nothing inconsistent in the supposition of a simultaneous rise in both .» ( ibidem , p. 70)
138. «Value is a relation between contemporary commodities, because such only admit of being exchanged for each other; and if we compare the value of a commodity at one time with its value at another, it is only a comparison of the relation in which it stood at these different times to some other commodity.» ( ibidem , página 72)
138. «… I beg not to be understood as contending, either that the values of commodities are to each, other as the quantities of labour necessary for their production, or that the values of commodities are to each other as the values of the labour : all that I intend to insist upon is, that if the former is true, the latter cannot be false…» ( ibidem , p. 92)
142. «… if commodities are to each other as the quantities, they must also to be each other as the values of the producing labour; for the contrary would necessarily imply, that the two commodities A and B might be equal in value, although the value of the labour employed in one was greater or less than the value of the labour employed in the other; or that A and B might be unequal in value, if the labour employed in each was equal in value. But this difference in
135. «… the value of labour does not entirely depend on the proportion of the whole [504] produce, which is given to the labourers in exchange for their labour, but also on the productiveness of […] labour…» ( ibidem , pp. 63-64)
135. «The proposition, that when labour rises profits must fall, it true only when its rise is not owing to an increase in its productive powers.» ( ibidem , p. 64)
135. «… if this productive power be augmented, that is, if the same labour produce more commodities in the same time, labour may rise in value without a fall, nay even with a rise of profits.» ( ibidem , p. 66)
135. «Whatever the produce of the labour of six men might be, whether 100 or 200 or 300 quarters of corn, yet so long as the proportion of the capitalist was one fourth of the produce, that fourth part estimated in labour would be invariably the same. Were the produce 100 quarters, then, as 75 quarters would be given to 6 men, the 25 accruing to the capitalist would command the labour of 2 men: if the produce were 300 quarters, the 6 men would obtain 225 quarters, and the 75 falling to the capitalist would still command 2 men and no more,» ( ibidem , página 69)
136. «Thus a rise in the proportion which went to the capitalist would be the same as an increase of the value of profits estimated in labour , or, in other words, an increase in their power of commanding labour,» ( ibidem , p. 69)
136. «… profits denotes… not an article which can be exchanged against other articles.» ( ibidem , p. 62)
136. «Should it be objected to the doctrine of profits and the value of labour rising at the same time, that as the commodity produced is the only source whence the capitalist and the labourer can obtain their remuneration , it necessarily follows that what one gains the other loses, the reply is obvious. So long as the product continues the same, this is undeniably true; but it is equally undeniable, that if the product be doubled the portion of both may be increased , although the proportion of one is lessened and that of the other augmented,» (ibidem , p. 70)
137. «So long as the product continues the same, this is undeniably true; but it is equally undeniable, that if the product be doubled the portion of both may be increased, although the proportion of one is lessened and that of the other augmented. Now it is an increase in the portion of the product assigned to the labourer which constitutes a rise in the value of his labour; but it is an increase in the proportion assigned to the capitalist which constitutes a rise in […] profits; whence it clearly follows, that there is nothing inconsistent in the supposition of a simultaneous rise in both .» ( ibidem , p. 70)
138. «Value is a relation between contemporary commodities, because such only admit of being exchanged for each other; and if we compare the value of a commodity at one time with its value at another, it is only a comparison of the relation in which it stood at these different times to some other commodity.» ( ibidem , página 72)
138. «… I beg not to be understood as contending, either that the values of commodities are to each, other as the quantities of labour necessary for their production, or that the values of commodities are to each other as the values of the labour : all that I intend to insist upon is, that if the former is true, the latter cannot be false…» ( ibidem , p. 92)
142. «… if commodities are to each other as the quantities, they must also to be each other as the values of the producing labour; for the contrary would necessarily imply, that the two commodities A and B might be equal in value, although the value of the labour employed in one was greater or less than the value of the labour employed in the other; or that A and B might be unequal in value, if the labour employed in each was equal in value. But this difference in
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