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of Military Innovation
(Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1998); W. J. Spahr,
Stalin’s Lieutenants: A Study of Command Under Stress
(Novato, Calif.: Presidio, 1997); L. Samuelson,
Plans for Stalin’s War Machine: Tukhachevskii and Military-Economic Planning, 1925–1941
(London: Palgrave, 2000); and D. R. Stone,
Hammer and Rifle: The Militarization of the Soviet Union, 1926–1933
(Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2000).
    Â Â 3 J. Stalin,
Leninism
(London: Allen & Unwin, 1942), p. 366.
    Â Â 4 In my interview with her in Moscow in April 2010, Zhukov’s daughter Era said that in the Zhukov household Stalin was neither worshipped nor denigrated.
    Â Â 5 Zhukov,
Reminiscences
, vol. 1 p. 97.
    Â Â 6 Ibid., p. 98.
    Â Â 7 V. A., Afanas’ev,
Stanovlenie Polkovodcheskogo Iskusstva G. K. Zhukova
(Moscow: Svyatigor, 2006), p. 22.
    Â Â 8 A number of these documents are reproduced in V. Krasnov,
Zhukov: Marshal Velikoi Imperii
(Moscow: Olma-Press, 2005), p. 44ff.
    Â Â 9 A. L. Kronik, “Molodost’ Marshala,” in I. G. Aleksandrov (ed.),
Marshal Zhukov: Polkovodets i Chelovek
(Moscow: APN, 1988), p. 66.
    10 Zhukov,
Reminiscences
, vol. 1, p. 107.
    11 K. Rokossovsky,
A Soldier’s Duty
(Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1970), p. 84. On Rokossovsky: R. Woff, “Rokossovsky,” in H. Shukman (ed.),
Stalin’s Generals
(London: Phoenix, 2001).
    12 I. K. Bagramyan,
Tak Shli My k Pobede
(Moscow: Voenizdat, 1988), p. 7. On Bagramyan: G. Jukes, “Bagramyan,” in Shukman (ed.),
Stalin’s Generals
.
    13 Zhukov,
Reminiscences
, vol. 1, p. 108.
    14 Ibid., pp. 109–13.
    15 I. Mastykina,
Zheny i Deti Georgiya Zhukova
(Moscow: Komsomol’skya Pravda, 1996). This booklet contains Mastykina’s interviews with Zhukov’s daughters and others that were originally published in the newspaper
Komsomol’skya Pravda
, June 7, 1996, August 23, 1996, August 30, 1996, and October 4, 1996.
    16 Afanas’ev,
Stanovlenie Polkovodcheskogo Iskusstva G. K. Zhukova
, p. 33.
    17 On the development of Soviet military doctrine before the Second WorldWar: M. R. Habeck,
Storm of Steel: The Development of Armour Doctrine in Germany and the Soviet Union, 1919–1939
(Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2003); S. Naveh,
In Pursuit of Military Excellence: The Evolution of Operational Theory
(London: Frank Cass, 1997); H. Fast Scott and W. F. Scott (eds.),
The Soviet Art of War
(Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1982); and S. J. Main, “The Red Army and the Future War in Europe, 1925–1940,” in S. Pons and A. Romano (eds.),
Russia in the Age of Wars, 1941–1945
(Milan: Feltrinelli, 2000).
    18 On Tukhachevsky: S. Naveh, “Tukhachevsky,” in Shukman (ed.),
Stalin’s Generals
.
    19 Zhukov,
Reminiscences
, vol. 1, pp. 137–39.
    20 Erickson,
The Soviet High Command
, p. 800.
    21 Afanas’ev,
Stanovlenie Polkovodcheskogo Iskusstva G. K. Zhukova
, p. 22.
    22
Marshal Zhukov: Moskva v Zhizni i Sud’be Polkovodtsa
(Moscow: Glavarkhiva Moskvy, 2005), pp. 48–49.
    23 In the 1980s it was reported that Rokossovsky had said in a private conversation with two Soviet journalists that Zhukov had not so much been promoted as removed from the position of brigade commander following complaints from his subordinates that he was too strict and too rude (N. G. Pavlenko, “Razmyshleniya o Sud’be Polkovodtsa,”
Voenno-Istoricheskii Zhurnal
, no. 10, 1988, p. 17). The conversation with Rokossovsky reportedly took place in summer 1966 at a time when Zhukov had yet to be fully rehabilitated following his isolation during the Khrushchev era. Relations between the two men were still at a low ebb because of Zhukov’s belief that Rokossovsky had collaborated with the Khrushchevites in their minimizing his role during the Great Patriotic War.
    24 A. M. Vasilevsky,
A Lifelong Cause
(Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1981), pp. 485–86. On Vasilevsky: Jukes,