Between 1930 and 1939 luta romana was referenced 188 times, luta livre 758 times, and between 1940 and 1949 luta romana was referenced 16 times, luta livre 443 times. The relative rise of luta livre vis-à-vis luta romana is easy to see.
Luta Romana
In February of 1913, Paschoal Segreto announced that he would be opening a “ grande campeonato de luta romana ” at Pavilhão Internacional within the next few days [ em breves dias ] . The “troupe” of fighters arrived on Wednesday February 19, 1913, on the “Principessa Mafalda” and promptly visited the O Imparcial editorial office to introduce themselves. The participating wrestlers, their names, heights, weights, titles, dates of birth, and nationalities were described two days before their arrival and the day after in O Imparcial and A Epoca . 12 Segreto wanted to leave no doubts that these were big men, they were international, and they were all champions.
They were:
.
Fritz Muller (186 cm, 130 kgs., born in 1881, champion of Europe)
Victor Heusch (182 cm, 125 kgs., born in 1878, champion of Belgium)
Willy Felgenhauer (181 cm, 120 kgs., born in 1880, champion of Austria-Hungary)
Emile Vervet (175 cm, 120 kgs., born in 1875, champion of France)
Alfred Popper (184 cm, 110 kgs., born in 1879, champion of Vienna)
Ferdinando Priano (183 cm, 100 kgs., born in 1891, champion of “ligure”)
Jules Jourdan (172 cm, 120 kgs., born in 1878, champion of Marseilles)
Ambroise le Suisse (173 cm, 95 kgs., born in 1889, champion of Switzerland)
Ella Pampuri (175 cm, 91 kgs., born in 1879, champion of Geneva)
Henry Coenen (195 cm, 125 kgs. champion of Brussells)
Emilio Ruggero (180 cm, 116 kgs., champion of Italy)
Giovanni Raicevich (173 cm, 115 kgs. , born in 1882, world champion)
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The Street
In Anhangá, Belem, February 18, Raymundo da Silva, 15, killed his 13 year old brother with a shotgun blast to the chest [ tiro do espingarda no coração ]. He was arrested, showing symptoms of mental illness [ apresenta symptomas de alienação mental ].
A poor boy from Santos named Emilio Pinto stowed aboard a ship headed to Lisbon. There he was discovered and sent back to Brazil on the German steamship “Bahia”. 13
Modelo de Jiu-Jitsu
The Japanese navy training ship “Tassei Maru” visited Rio in April. On Sunday afternoon April 27 a festival was hosted on board, featuring demonstrations and matches of kenjitsu and jiu-jitsu. A “modelo de ‘jiu-jitsu’” was presented by M. Katsuki and U. Ogishima. Then matches involving B. Baba, K. Ishibashi, N. Nakahara, Y. Ieranaka, H. Aminaka, R. Ogawa, M. Katsuki, and S. Ama. The individual competitors represented two groups, the red and the white (the red group won [ venceu grupo vermelho ].The kenjitsu presentation (which preceded the jiu-jitsu activities) was similar. The guests were greatly impressed with the cleanliness of the ship and the skillfulness of the matches and demonstrations. 14
Pavilhão Internacional had presenting boxing since as early as February 1913, when Joseph Beerens met the Brazilian luta romana champion Jose Floriano Peixoto Filho. They had several, indeed, numerous, rematches. In fact they were still fighting on Sunday March 30 in what was called a “ continuação do grande combate de box inglez entre Floriano Peixoto e Joseph Beerens ”. 15
On April 2, Joseph Beerens and North American champion Jack Murray fought a desempate [tie-breaker]. The fight the night before (Tuesday April 1) had been an empate [draw]. Beerens had been in the ring three nights straight. 16
Paschoal Segreto had been presenting individual matches of boxing, concurrently with luta romana and luta livre campeonatos. He merged the two concepts and decided to provide a campeonato of boxing, and rather than wrestlers like Jose Floriano, real “ boxistas ” who were already in Rio and others who were expected to arrive [ no qual se inscreveram varias boxistas que se acham neste capital e outros a chegar ]. Paschoal
Kim Lawrence
S. C. Ransom
Alan Lightman
Nancy Krulik
Listening Woman [txt]
Merrie Haskell
Laura Childs
Constance Leeds
Alain Mabanckou
Kathi S. Barton