Atlantis Pyramids Floods
further in the
narrative, I ought to warn you, that you must not be surprised if
you should perhaps hear Hellenic names given to foreigners. I will
tell you the reason of this: Solon, who was intending to use the
tale for his poem, enquired into the meaning of the names, and
found that the early Egyptians in writing them down had translated
them into their own language, and he recovered the meaning of the
several names and when copying them out again translated them into
our language.
    Note : This is
how some names were changed.
    My great-grandfather, Dropides, had
the original writing, which is still in my possession, and was
carefully studied by me when I was a child. Therefore if you hear
names such as are used in this country, you must not be surprised,
for I have told how they came to be introduced.
    The Story of Atlantis
    Critias continues:
    The tale, which was of great length,
began as follows: I have before remarked in speaking of the
allotments of the gods, that they distributed the whole earth into
portions differing in extent, and made for themselves temples and
instituted sacrifices. And Poseidon, receiving for his lot the
island of Atlantis, begat children by a mortal woman, and settled
them in a part of the island, which I will describe.
    Looking towards the sea, but in the
centre of the whole island, there was a plain which is said to have
been the fairest of all plains and very fertile. Near the plain
again, and also in the centre of the island at a distance of about
fifty stadia, there was a mountain not very high on any side. On
this mountain there dwelt one of the earth born primeval men of
that country, whose name was Evenor, and he had a wife named
Leucippe, and they had an only daughter who was called
Cleito.
    The maiden had already
reached womanhood, when her father and mother died; Poseidon fell
in love with her and had intercourse with her, and breaking the
ground, enclosed the hill in which she dwelt all round, making
alternate zones of sea and land larger and smaller, encircling one
another; there were two of land and three of water, which he turned
as with a lathe, each having its circumference equidistant every
way from the centre, so that no man could
get to the island, for ships and voyages were not as
yet.
    He himself, being a god, found no
difficulty in making special arrangements for the centre island,
bringing up two springs of water from beneath the earth, one of
warm water and the other of cold, and making every variety of food
to spring up abundantly from the soil. He also begat and brought up
five pairs of twin male children; and dividing the island of
Atlantis into ten portions, he gave to the first-born of the eldest
pair his mother’s dwelling and the surrounding allotment, which was
the largest and best, and made him king over the rest; the others
he made princes, and gave them rule over many men, and a large
territory.
    And he named them all; the eldest, who
was the first king, he named Atlas, and after him the whole island
and the ocean were called Atlantic. To his twin brother, who was
born after him, and obtained as his lot the extremity of the island
towards the Pillars of Heracles, facing the country which is now
called the region of Gades in that part of the world, he gave the
name which in the Hellenic language is Eumelus, in the language of
the country which is named after him, Gadeirus.
    Of the second pair of twins he called
one Ampheres, and the other Evaemon. To the elder of the third pair
of twins he gave the name Mneseus, and Autochthon to the one who
followed him. Of the fourth pair of twins, he called the elder
Elasippus, and the younger Mestor. And of the fifth pair, he gave
to the elder the name of Azaes, and to the younger that of
Diaprepes.
    All these and their descendants for
many generations were the inhabitants and rulers of diverse islands
in the open sea; and also, as has been already said, they held sway
in our direction over the country within the Pillars

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