Read Online At Day's Close: Night in Times Past by A. Roger Ekirch - Free Book Online

233–35, 237, 298
    amulets of, 99
    arsons of, 55, 257
    dogs of, 241
    dreams of, 317
    ghost stories used in control of, 256
    insurrections of, 257–58
    magic of, 99, 143, 239, 257–58
    night-kingdoms of, 251–52
    nocturnal excursions of, 233–34, 235, 236, 255–56
    nocturnal labor of, 168, 170, 174, 176–77
    personal gain of, 176–77
    pilfering by, 240, 241, 256
    runaway, 234
    sleep of, 286, 287
    social oversight of, 150–51
    youth gangs of, 245, 246, 248–49, 251–52
    sleep, xxv, xxvi–xxvii, 14, 24, 46, 51, 59, 60, 145, 261–62, 263–84, 285–87, 304
    burglaries and, 37, 38, 42
    as classless, 286, 287
    communal, see communal sleep
    concoction as impetus for, 263
    in the day, 218
    death in, 268–69, 269, 272
    evolution of, 261
    excessive, 264
    historical indifference to, 262
    immune system and, 14
    as like death, 286
    in literature, 267, 285–86
    medieval medical view of, 263
    modern research on, 268, 280, 303–4, 322–23
    optimal temperatures for, 294
    positions for, 271–72, 302
    proper amount of, 264–65
    quality of, 267–68
    REM, 322–23
    salutary effects of, 263–64
    staying awake vs., 60, 77, 203, 338
    time needed for lapsing into, 280–81
    typology of, 267–68
    vulnerability of, 268–69
    of wild animals, 290, 303
    see also beds; bedtime rituals; bedtimes; broken sleep; dreams
    sleep deprivation, 298–99
    sleep disturbances, xxvi, 285–99, 302
    anxiety in, 286, 289–90
    beds and, 295–96, 297
    communal sleep and, 296
    demonic intruders in, 291–92
    depression in, 289, 290
    excretory needs and, 296–97, 305
    fears in, 290–92
    frigid temperatures and, 294, 297
    illness in, 288–89, 297
    insects and, 288, 294–95, 295, 297–98
    of lower classes, 290, 297–99
    nightmares in, 272–73, 291, 292
    by nightwatch, 75, 78–79, 293
    noisiness in, 291, 292–94, 297, 327
    pain in, 288–89
    reeking chamberpots and, 296–97
    rural, 293
    urban, 292–93
    in wintertime, 290, 294
    sleeping houses, 236
    sleepwalking, 267, 319–20
    smell, sense of, 133, 192
    Smith, Samuel, 284
    Smith, Sir Thomas, 115
    Smith, Thomas, 116
    smoking, 79, 189
    Smollett, Tobias, 75, 135, 136, 212, 243, 306
    smudges, 37
    smugglers, 242–43, 244, 250
    burglars’ impersonation of, 243
    social activities, 185–202
    dancing, 187, 194, 196, 235, 236
    in drinking houses, 187–90; see also alehouses
    drinking in, 186, 187, 188, 189–90
    games of chance, 72, 186, 189, 189, 221, 328
    of lower classes, 177–84, 235–37
    music in, 187, 189
    of nobility, 210–17, see also masquerades
    see also courtship; sexual activity; spinning and knitting bees; storytelling
    social classes, xxvi, 134, 136
    broken sleep and, 304
    dress differences in, 8
    lanterns and, 126–27
    lower, see lower classes
    masquerades and, 214, 216, 328–29
    middle, 157, 186–87, 191–92, 208, 280, 304, 324–25, 326, 329, 330
    nocturnal excursions and, 125, 126–27, 136–37
    sexual attitudes and, 191
    sleep as leveler of, 286, 287
    solitude of, 203
    street lighting and, 335–36
    upper, see upper classes
    social oversight, 333–34
    of lower class, 150–51
    by neighbors, 147–51, 153, 191–92
    solitude, 202–9
    needlework in, 208
    personal piety in, 206–7
    personal reflection in, 202–3, 207
    social differences in, 203
    writing in, 207–8
    see also reading
    Somme River, 62
    space mirror, Russian, 339
    Spain, 20
    burglaries in, 38
    carrying weapons banned in, 66
    Holy week processions in, 70
    illuminated shrines in, 72
    marranos of, 228
    murder weapons in, 43
    ventas of, 187
    white witchcraft in, 98
    youth dances in, 196
    youth gangs in, 250
    Spartans, 119–20
    Spectator, 16–17, 216, 321
    Spenser, Edmund, 286, 288
    sperm whales, 104–6
    Sperrgeld, 63
    spinning, 164, 173, 174, 176
    spinning and knitting bees, 178–79, 181, 184, 195
    courtship at, 194–96
    emotional support provided by, 183
    French shelters for, 182
    gossip exchanged in, 182–83
    men’s views of, 183
    oral readings at, 203
    Spinnstube, A (Beham), 195
    sprites,