Alien Dawn: A Classic Investigation into the Contact Experience
circle promptly appeared. When someone suggested that the circles could be made with the aid of a helicopter, a circle appeared under a power line.
    In August 1991, a British couple were present when a circle was formed. They were Gary and Vivienne Tomlinson, and they were taking an evening walk in a cornfield near Hambledon, Surrey, when the corn began to move, and a mist hovered around them. They reported a high-pitched sound. Then a whirlwind swirled around them, and Gary Tomlinson’s hair began to stand up from a build-up of static. Suddenly, the whirlwind split in two and vanished across the field, and, in the silence that followed, they realised they were in the middle of a crop circle, with the corn neatly flattened.
    This certainly seemed to support Meaden’s whirlwind theory, and he had himself photographed with the two witnesses. Meaden’s response to the question of why, if the circles are formed by whirlwinds, they started in the late 1970s, and were not (apparently) found before that, was that they had been. He cited a pamphlet of August 1678 called Mowing Devil, concerning a field in Hertfordshire in which a circle was found in the corn, and attributed to a demon. But this still failed to explain why no crop circles were found between 1678 and the modern outbreak.
    In a book called The Goddess of the Stones, Meaden speculates that the spirals often found carved on old stones were inspired by crop circles. But again, the problem is: why, in that case, do we not find references to crop circles in ancient literature?
    Bob Rickard’s interviews with witnesses—people who claimed to have been present when circles were made—may or may not be taken as confirming Meaden’s whirlwind theory: these are a patchwork of their comments:
    Suddenly the grass began to sway before our eyes and laid itself flat in a clockwise spiral . . . A perfect circle was completed in less than half a minute, all the time accompanied by a high-pitched humming sound . . . My attention was drawn to a ‘wave’ coming through the heads of the cereal crop in a straight line . . . The agency, although invisible, behaved like a solid object . . . When we reached the spot where the circles had been, we were suddenly caught up in a terrific whirlwind . . . [The dog] went wild . . . There was a rushing sound and a rumble . . . then suddenly everything was still . . . It was uncanny . . . The dawn chorus stopped, the sky darkened . . .
    In Bolberry Down, Devon, on 16 June 1991, a ham radio operator named Lew Dilling heard a series of high-pitched blips and clicks that drowned Radio Moscow and the Voice of America. He had heard them before—at the time of crop-circle incidents. The next day, a seventy-foot circle, with a ‘bull’s eye’ in the middle, was found in the centre of a nearby field. But this differed from earlier crop circles, in which no serious damage had been done. In this case, the owner of the field, Dudley Stidson, found his corn burnt, as if a giant hot plate had been pressed down on it.
    The landlord of the local pub, Sean Hassall, could work out what time the circle had been made from the fact that his spaniel had gone berserk in the night and had begun tearing up the carpet, doing considerable damage.
    A few days before this, a Japanese professor had announced that he had solved the crop-circle riddle. Prof. Yoshihiko Ohtsuki, of Waseda University, had created an ‘elastic plasma’ fireball in the laboratory—a plasma is a very hot gas in which some electrons have been stripped away when atoms collide violently. Fireballs, or ball lightning, are still one of the unsolved mysteries of science. They are created during storms, and drift around like balloons before exploding—often causing damage—or simply vanishing like a bubble. So Ohtsuki’s achievement in manufacturing one in the laboratory was considerable. His fireball created beautiful circular rings in aluminium powder on a plate. This certainly sounded as if

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