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Authors: Jerry Brotton
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(holy city), 38, 86
Medina (holy city), 38, 86
Mehmed II, Sultan, 9, 84–85
Mehmed III, Sultan, 202–3, 217, 219–22, 223, 243, 244, 255, 257, 289
Mehmed Pasha, Sokollu, 72, 87, 88, 95–96
Mello, Nicolò de, 245–47
Mendès, Alvaro, 202
Mendoza, Bernardino de, 92–93, 112–13, 115
Mercers’ Company, 40, 66, 74
Merchant Adventurers Company, 29, 30–31, 104, 114
Middle Kingdom, 43
Mikulin, Grigorii, 267
Millers, Harvie, 118
Monson, William, 194
Moors:
of Barbary, 55, 56
depicted in theater, 189–92, 195–201, 216, 276–77, 287–88, 297
of Morocco, 7
trade with, 218
use of term, 5, 20, 164, 170, 276
More, Thomas:
Dialog Concerning Heresies, 25
drama about, 293–95
Utopia, 25
Moriscos, 63, 264, 270, 273, 282
Morocco:
Anglo-Moroccan alliance, 6–7, 8–9, 68–71, 82, 129, 131, 149–50, 152, 168, 170, 193, 195, 261–64, 265–66, 268–71
Barbary kingdom of, 56
civil war in, 289
Dar al-Makhzen palace in, 126
first English ambassador (Roberts) to, 125–30, 149–50
invasion of Songhai by, 171–72
Jewish intermediaries in, 58, 127, 200
Ottoman Empire vs., 7, 63
regulated commerce with, 120–21, 122–23, 201
sugar farms in, 58, 69, 116, 120, 126, 131, 265, 266
trade with, 4, 57–59, 62, 66–72, 103–5, 112, 113, 114–16, 120, 121, 125, 131–32, 152, 201, 216, 260, 266
and trans-Saharan trade route, 171
Morosini, Gianfrancesco, 118, 124–25, 141
Mu’awiyah, governor of Damascus, 37
Muhammad, Prophet:
death of, 19, 36
depictions of, 6, 160, 173, 180, 207, 272
direct line of descent, 36–37, 171
myths of, 21–22, 180
opponents of, 20, 134–35
prophecies of, 19, 37
and Qur’an, 19, 20, 24
Murad III, Sultan, 72–73, 85–87
and anti-Spanish alliance, 124–25, 129, 132, 142, 143–45, 182
and Barton, 185
commercial profits of, 132
correspondence with Elizabeth, 1–3, 4, 7, 89–95, 101–2, 113–14, 118, 136, 171, 186
death of, 202–3
and French Capitulations, 101
gift exchange with, 185–86
and Harborne, 84, 117–19, 123–24, 141, 142–45
and Philip II, 96
war with Persia, 73–74
Murza, Shah Ali, 52
Musa, Hajj (Messa, Side al-Hage), 259, 264–65
Muscovy Company, 131
charter members of, 57, 58, 114
and Jenkinson, 34, 40, 44, 46
as joint-stock company, 3, 31, 34, 104
and Persian trade, 44, 45, 68, 73
and Russian trade, 31, 45, 46, 104
and Sherley, 248, 249, 251
as unprofitable, 53–54, 73, 104
“Muslim”:
use of term, 5, 20, 164, 276
see also Islam
Mustafa, Prince, 39, 51
Nashe, Thomas, 158
The Terrors of the Night, 180
Nasr, Mulay al-, 168
Nelson, John, 138
Newberry, John, 119
New World, 291, 297
Norris, Sir John, 153–54, 166–67, 168, 181, 230
northwest passage, 29
Nurbanu Sultan, 4, 72, 95
Okri, Ben, 276
Order of the Garter, 13, 16
Orthodox Church, 19
Osborne, Sir Edward, 74, 84, 97, 104, 113, 119
Ottoman Empire:
alliance of England and, 8, 9, 53, 65–66, 93, 183, 185–86
alliance of France and, 9, 93
and Battle of Lepanto, 64–65, 146
and Battle of Rabat-i-Pariyan, 238
and Capitulations, see Capitulations
collapse of, 96
conflict with Persian Empire, 36, 39, 47, 48, 73, 142, 146, 171
decline of, 298–99
English captives in, 92, 94–95, 100, 118, 122–23, 134
extent of, 3, 5–6, 9, 20, 226
gift exchange with, 185–86, 218–19, 221–22
history of, 271–72
invasion of Hungary, 186, 203–4, 217
and “Memorandum on the Turkey Trade,” 82–83, 96
Morocco vs., 7, 63
Murad as sultan of, 3–4
peace treaty with Spain, 96–97
Persian treaties with, 237
rise of, 21, 25–26, 72
Shi’a opposition to, 37, 38
spies in, 118–19
trade with England, 3, 4–5, 40, 41, 53, 73–75, 88–92, 96–97, 101, 103, 112–14, 117–19, 186, 203, 204–5
trade with Europe, 25–26
trade with Venice, 9, 25, 47, 62, 72
war with Habsburgs, 186–87, 204
writing (script) in, 89
Ottoman Turks, 46
Ovid, Metamorphoses, 187
Pageant of the Shearmen and Taylors, The (mystery play), 212–13
Pannemaker, William de, 17–18
Parry, William, 234, 237, 239, 240–41,
Medina (holy city), 38, 86
Mehmed II, Sultan, 9, 84–85
Mehmed III, Sultan, 202–3, 217, 219–22, 223, 243, 244, 255, 257, 289
Mehmed Pasha, Sokollu, 72, 87, 88, 95–96
Mello, Nicolò de, 245–47
Mendès, Alvaro, 202
Mendoza, Bernardino de, 92–93, 112–13, 115
Mercers’ Company, 40, 66, 74
Merchant Adventurers Company, 29, 30–31, 104, 114
Middle Kingdom, 43
Mikulin, Grigorii, 267
Millers, Harvie, 118
Monson, William, 194
Moors:
of Barbary, 55, 56
depicted in theater, 189–92, 195–201, 216, 276–77, 287–88, 297
of Morocco, 7
trade with, 218
use of term, 5, 20, 164, 170, 276
More, Thomas:
Dialog Concerning Heresies, 25
drama about, 293–95
Utopia, 25
Moriscos, 63, 264, 270, 273, 282
Morocco:
Anglo-Moroccan alliance, 6–7, 8–9, 68–71, 82, 129, 131, 149–50, 152, 168, 170, 193, 195, 261–64, 265–66, 268–71
Barbary kingdom of, 56
civil war in, 289
Dar al-Makhzen palace in, 126
first English ambassador (Roberts) to, 125–30, 149–50
invasion of Songhai by, 171–72
Jewish intermediaries in, 58, 127, 200
Ottoman Empire vs., 7, 63
regulated commerce with, 120–21, 122–23, 201
sugar farms in, 58, 69, 116, 120, 126, 131, 265, 266
trade with, 4, 57–59, 62, 66–72, 103–5, 112, 113, 114–16, 120, 121, 125, 131–32, 152, 201, 216, 260, 266
and trans-Saharan trade route, 171
Morosini, Gianfrancesco, 118, 124–25, 141
Mu’awiyah, governor of Damascus, 37
Muhammad, Prophet:
death of, 19, 36
depictions of, 6, 160, 173, 180, 207, 272
direct line of descent, 36–37, 171
myths of, 21–22, 180
opponents of, 20, 134–35
prophecies of, 19, 37
and Qur’an, 19, 20, 24
Murad III, Sultan, 72–73, 85–87
and anti-Spanish alliance, 124–25, 129, 132, 142, 143–45, 182
and Barton, 185
commercial profits of, 132
correspondence with Elizabeth, 1–3, 4, 7, 89–95, 101–2, 113–14, 118, 136, 171, 186
death of, 202–3
and French Capitulations, 101
gift exchange with, 185–86
and Harborne, 84, 117–19, 123–24, 141, 142–45
and Philip II, 96
war with Persia, 73–74
Murza, Shah Ali, 52
Musa, Hajj (Messa, Side al-Hage), 259, 264–65
Muscovy Company, 131
charter members of, 57, 58, 114
and Jenkinson, 34, 40, 44, 46
as joint-stock company, 3, 31, 34, 104
and Persian trade, 44, 45, 68, 73
and Russian trade, 31, 45, 46, 104
and Sherley, 248, 249, 251
as unprofitable, 53–54, 73, 104
“Muslim”:
use of term, 5, 20, 164, 276
see also Islam
Mustafa, Prince, 39, 51
Nashe, Thomas, 158
The Terrors of the Night, 180
Nasr, Mulay al-, 168
Nelson, John, 138
Newberry, John, 119
New World, 291, 297
Norris, Sir John, 153–54, 166–67, 168, 181, 230
northwest passage, 29
Nurbanu Sultan, 4, 72, 95
Okri, Ben, 276
Order of the Garter, 13, 16
Orthodox Church, 19
Osborne, Sir Edward, 74, 84, 97, 104, 113, 119
Ottoman Empire:
alliance of England and, 8, 9, 53, 65–66, 93, 183, 185–86
alliance of France and, 9, 93
and Battle of Lepanto, 64–65, 146
and Battle of Rabat-i-Pariyan, 238
and Capitulations, see Capitulations
collapse of, 96
conflict with Persian Empire, 36, 39, 47, 48, 73, 142, 146, 171
decline of, 298–99
English captives in, 92, 94–95, 100, 118, 122–23, 134
extent of, 3, 5–6, 9, 20, 226
gift exchange with, 185–86, 218–19, 221–22
history of, 271–72
invasion of Hungary, 186, 203–4, 217
and “Memorandum on the Turkey Trade,” 82–83, 96
Morocco vs., 7, 63
Murad as sultan of, 3–4
peace treaty with Spain, 96–97
Persian treaties with, 237
rise of, 21, 25–26, 72
Shi’a opposition to, 37, 38
spies in, 118–19
trade with England, 3, 4–5, 40, 41, 53, 73–75, 88–92, 96–97, 101, 103, 112–14, 117–19, 186, 203, 204–5
trade with Europe, 25–26
trade with Venice, 9, 25, 47, 62, 72
war with Habsburgs, 186–87, 204
writing (script) in, 89
Ottoman Turks, 46
Ovid, Metamorphoses, 187
Pageant of the Shearmen and Taylors, The (mystery play), 212–13
Pannemaker, William de, 17–18
Parry, William, 234, 237, 239, 240–41,
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