Read Online FBI Handbook of Crime Scene Forensics by Federal Bureau of Investigation - Free Book Online
Book: FBI Handbook of Crime Scene Forensics by Federal Bureau of Investigation
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Authors: Federal Bureau of Investigation
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location, collector’s name, and case number.
Buccal samples do not need to be refrigerated.
Samples from Unidentified Human Remains
Call the Laboratory prior to submitting bones, teeth, or tissue. The communication accompanying the evidence must reference the telephone conversation accepting the evidence.
Skeletal Samples
Anthropological examinations can determine whether skeletal remains are human or animal. Race, sex, approximate height, and stature at death can be determined from human remains.
Pick up samples with gloved hands or clean forceps.
Air-dry samples and place in paper bags.
Submit whole samples. Cutting skeletal samples increases the possibility of contamination.
If possible, submit three samples.
Submit skeletal samples with an anthropological report, preferably from an anthropologist certified by the American Board of Forensic Anthropology, or a medical examiner’s/ coroner’s report.
Submit skeletal samples in the following order of preference:
Femur.
Tibia.
Humerus.
Teeth, skull, and/or mandible.
Hand and foot bones.
Lower arm bone.
Vertebrae.
Ribs.
Teeth
Personal identifications can be made by comparing teeth with dental records and X-rays.
Pick up teeth with gloved hands or clean forceps.
Air-dry teeth and place in paper bags.
Submit teeth with an odontological report, preferably from an odontologist certified by the American Board of Forensic Odontology, or a medical examiner’s/coroner’s report.
Submit teeth in the following order of preference:
Nonrestored molar.
Nonrestored premolar.
Nonrestored canine.
Nonrestored front tooth.
Restored molar.
Restored premolar.
Restored canine.
Restored front tooth.
Tissue
Tissue samples usually will provide sufficient quantities of DNA for testing.
Pick up tissue with gloved hands or clean forceps.
Collect 1-2 cubic inches of red skeletal muscle.
Place tissue samples in a clean, airtight plastic container without formalin or formaldehyde and keep refrigerated or frozen.
Label the outer container “KEEP IN A COOL, DRY PLACE,” “REFRIGERATE ON ARRIVAL,” and “BIOHAZARD.”
Submit to the Laboratory as soon as possible.
Paint Examinations
The layer structure of a questioned paint sample can be compared with a known source from a suspect. The sequence, relative thickness, color, texture, number, and chemical composition of each of the layers can be compared.
The color, manufacturer, model, and model year of an automobile may be determined from a paint chip. Sourcing automotive paints is limited to factory-applied, original automotive paint.
Paint on safes, vaults, windowsills, and door frames can be transferred to and from tools. A comparison can be made between the paint from an object and the paint on a tool.
The Laboratory will not examine evidence to authenticate fine art or historical artifacts or to source spray paint or architectural paints.
Questions concerning paint evidence should be directed to 703-632-8441 . Follow the evidence submission directions, including Requesting Evidence Examinations and Packaging and Shipping Evidence .
Search the accident or crime scene and the personal effects of the victim(s) to locate paint fragments. Paint fragments often are found in the clothing of the hit-and-run victim(s). Submit the clothing. Paints can be transferred from one car to another, from car to object, or from object to car during an accident or a crime.
Control paint chips must be collected from the suspected source of the evidentiary paint. Controls must be taken from an area close to, but not in, any damaged area. If no damage is obvious, controls should be taken from several areas of the suspect substrate. Each layer can be a point of comparison. Controls must have all of the layers of paint to the substrate. This can be accomplished by the following:
Section an area of the painted surface.
Cut a paint sample from the surface using a clean, sharp instrument.
Lift or pry loosely attached chips or dislodge the paint by gently hitting
Buccal samples do not need to be refrigerated.
Samples from Unidentified Human Remains
Call the Laboratory prior to submitting bones, teeth, or tissue. The communication accompanying the evidence must reference the telephone conversation accepting the evidence.
Skeletal Samples
Anthropological examinations can determine whether skeletal remains are human or animal. Race, sex, approximate height, and stature at death can be determined from human remains.
Pick up samples with gloved hands or clean forceps.
Air-dry samples and place in paper bags.
Submit whole samples. Cutting skeletal samples increases the possibility of contamination.
If possible, submit three samples.
Submit skeletal samples with an anthropological report, preferably from an anthropologist certified by the American Board of Forensic Anthropology, or a medical examiner’s/ coroner’s report.
Submit skeletal samples in the following order of preference:
Femur.
Tibia.
Humerus.
Teeth, skull, and/or mandible.
Hand and foot bones.
Lower arm bone.
Vertebrae.
Ribs.
Teeth
Personal identifications can be made by comparing teeth with dental records and X-rays.
Pick up teeth with gloved hands or clean forceps.
Air-dry teeth and place in paper bags.
Submit teeth with an odontological report, preferably from an odontologist certified by the American Board of Forensic Odontology, or a medical examiner’s/coroner’s report.
Submit teeth in the following order of preference:
Nonrestored molar.
Nonrestored premolar.
Nonrestored canine.
Nonrestored front tooth.
Restored molar.
Restored premolar.
Restored canine.
Restored front tooth.
Tissue
Tissue samples usually will provide sufficient quantities of DNA for testing.
Pick up tissue with gloved hands or clean forceps.
Collect 1-2 cubic inches of red skeletal muscle.
Place tissue samples in a clean, airtight plastic container without formalin or formaldehyde and keep refrigerated or frozen.
Label the outer container “KEEP IN A COOL, DRY PLACE,” “REFRIGERATE ON ARRIVAL,” and “BIOHAZARD.”
Submit to the Laboratory as soon as possible.
Paint Examinations
The layer structure of a questioned paint sample can be compared with a known source from a suspect. The sequence, relative thickness, color, texture, number, and chemical composition of each of the layers can be compared.
The color, manufacturer, model, and model year of an automobile may be determined from a paint chip. Sourcing automotive paints is limited to factory-applied, original automotive paint.
Paint on safes, vaults, windowsills, and door frames can be transferred to and from tools. A comparison can be made between the paint from an object and the paint on a tool.
The Laboratory will not examine evidence to authenticate fine art or historical artifacts or to source spray paint or architectural paints.
Questions concerning paint evidence should be directed to 703-632-8441 . Follow the evidence submission directions, including Requesting Evidence Examinations and Packaging and Shipping Evidence .
Search the accident or crime scene and the personal effects of the victim(s) to locate paint fragments. Paint fragments often are found in the clothing of the hit-and-run victim(s). Submit the clothing. Paints can be transferred from one car to another, from car to object, or from object to car during an accident or a crime.
Control paint chips must be collected from the suspected source of the evidentiary paint. Controls must be taken from an area close to, but not in, any damaged area. If no damage is obvious, controls should be taken from several areas of the suspect substrate. Each layer can be a point of comparison. Controls must have all of the layers of paint to the substrate. This can be accomplished by the following:
Section an area of the painted surface.
Cut a paint sample from the surface using a clean, sharp instrument.
Lift or pry loosely attached chips or dislodge the paint by gently hitting
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