Read Online Pro Oracle Database 11g Administration by Darl Kuhn - Free Book Online Page B
Authors: Darl Kuhn
Tags: Oracle DBA
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whether there is an existing OFA-compliant directory structure in the format of /u[01–09]/app. If such a directory exists, then the installer creates an Oracle inventory directory such as
/u01/app/oraInventory
If you have the ORACLE_BASE variable defined for the oracle operating system user, then the installer creates a directory as follows for the location of Oracle inventory:
ORACLE_BASE/../oraInventory
For example, if ORACLE_BASE is defined to be /ora01/app/oracle, then the installer defines the location of Oracle inventory to be
/ora01/app/oraInventory
If the installer doesn’t find a recognizable OFA-compliant directory structure or an ORACLE_BASE
variable, then the location of Oracle inventory is created under the HOME directory of the oracle user. For example, if the HOME directory is /home/oracle, then the location of Oracle inventory is
/home/oracle/oraInventory
Oracle Base Directory
The Oracle base directory is the topmost directory for Oracle software installations. You can install one or more versions of the Oracle software beneath this directory. The OFA standard for the Oracle base directory is as follows:
//app/
The mount point used is typically named something like /u01, /ora01, /oracle, or /oracle01. You can name this mount point according to whatever your standard is for your environment. I prefer to use a mount point name like /ora01. It’s short and, when I look at the mount points on a database server, I can immediately tell which mount points are used for the Oracle database. Also, a short mount-point name is easier to use when you’re querying the data dictionary to report on the physical aspects of your database. Additionally, a shorter mount-point name makes for less typing when you’re navigating through directories via operating system commands.
The software owner is typically named oracle. This is the operating system user that you use to install the Oracle software (binaries). A fully formed Oracle base directory path is something like
/ora01/app/oracle
Oracle Home Directory
The Oracle home directory defines the installation location of software for a particular product such as Oracle Database 11 g , Oracle Database 10 g , and so on. You must install different products or different releases of a product in separate Oracle homes. The recommended OFA-compliant Oracle home directory is as follows:
ORACLE_BASE/product//
3
CHAPTER 1 ■ INSTALLING THE ORACLE BINARIES
In the previous line of code, the version is something like 11.2.0.1 or 10.2.0.1. The install_name value is something like db_1, devdb1, test2, or prod1. Here is an example Oracle home name for an 11.2
database:
/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.1/db_1
■ Note Some DBAs dislike the db_1 string on the end of the ORACLE_HOME directory and see no need for it. The reason for the db_1 is that you may have two separate installations of binaries: a development installation and a test installation. If you don’t require that configuration in your environment, feel free to drop the extra string on the end.
Oracle Network Files Directory
Some Oracle utilities use the value TNS_ADMIN to locate network configuration files. This directory is defined to be ORACLE_HOME/network/admin. This directory typically contains the tnsnames.ora and listener.ora Oracle Net files.
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
Starting with Oracle Database 11 g , the ADR_HOME directory specifies the location of the diagnostic files related to Oracle. These files are crucial to troubleshooting problems with the Oracle database. This directory is defined to be ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/dbname/instname, where dbname is your database name and instname is your instance name. In single-instance environments, the database name and instance name are the same, with the exception that the database name is in lowercase and the instance name is in uppercase. For example, in the next line, the database name is
/u01/app/oraInventory
If you have the ORACLE_BASE variable defined for the oracle operating system user, then the installer creates a directory as follows for the location of Oracle inventory:
ORACLE_BASE/../oraInventory
For example, if ORACLE_BASE is defined to be /ora01/app/oracle, then the installer defines the location of Oracle inventory to be
/ora01/app/oraInventory
If the installer doesn’t find a recognizable OFA-compliant directory structure or an ORACLE_BASE
variable, then the location of Oracle inventory is created under the HOME directory of the oracle user. For example, if the HOME directory is /home/oracle, then the location of Oracle inventory is
/home/oracle/oraInventory
Oracle Base Directory
The Oracle base directory is the topmost directory for Oracle software installations. You can install one or more versions of the Oracle software beneath this directory. The OFA standard for the Oracle base directory is as follows:
/
The mount point used is typically named something like /u01, /ora01, /oracle, or /oracle01. You can name this mount point according to whatever your standard is for your environment. I prefer to use a mount point name like /ora01. It’s short and, when I look at the mount points on a database server, I can immediately tell which mount points are used for the Oracle database. Also, a short mount-point name is easier to use when you’re querying the data dictionary to report on the physical aspects of your database. Additionally, a shorter mount-point name makes for less typing when you’re navigating through directories via operating system commands.
The software owner is typically named oracle. This is the operating system user that you use to install the Oracle software (binaries). A fully formed Oracle base directory path is something like
/ora01/app/oracle
Oracle Home Directory
The Oracle home directory defines the installation location of software for a particular product such as Oracle Database 11 g , Oracle Database 10 g , and so on. You must install different products or different releases of a product in separate Oracle homes. The recommended OFA-compliant Oracle home directory is as follows:
ORACLE_BASE/product/
3
CHAPTER 1 ■ INSTALLING THE ORACLE BINARIES
In the previous line of code, the version is something like 11.2.0.1 or 10.2.0.1. The install_name value is something like db_1, devdb1, test2, or prod1. Here is an example Oracle home name for an 11.2
database:
/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.1/db_1
■ Note Some DBAs dislike the db_1 string on the end of the ORACLE_HOME directory and see no need for it. The reason for the db_1 is that you may have two separate installations of binaries: a development installation and a test installation. If you don’t require that configuration in your environment, feel free to drop the extra string on the end.
Oracle Network Files Directory
Some Oracle utilities use the value TNS_ADMIN to locate network configuration files. This directory is defined to be ORACLE_HOME/network/admin. This directory typically contains the tnsnames.ora and listener.ora Oracle Net files.
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
Starting with Oracle Database 11 g , the ADR_HOME directory specifies the location of the diagnostic files related to Oracle. These files are crucial to troubleshooting problems with the Oracle database. This directory is defined to be ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/dbname/instname, where dbname is your database name and instname is your instance name. In single-instance environments, the database name and instance name are the same, with the exception that the database name is in lowercase and the instance name is in uppercase. For example, in the next line, the database name is
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