Read Online Korean for Dummies by Wang. Jungwook.; Lee Hong - Free Book Online Page A
Authors: Wang. Jungwook.; Lee Hong
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other people, such as family members or
a-ee; our child),” and yes, they even use the
co-workers. Hence they refer to company prop—
term, uri nampyun (oo-ree-nampyun; our hus—
erty and homes as uri jib (oo-ree-jeeb; our
band), and uri jibsaram (oo-ree-jeeb-sa-ram;
house), juhui mitingnum (juh-hee-meeting-room;
our wife) when referring to their own spouses.
our meeting room), and uri dongne (oo-ree—
Just because a Korean uses the word uri (uri;
dong-nae; our neighborhood), as opposed to ne
our), don’t get any wrong ideas.
Possessive pronouns
Whose is whose is about as important as what is what, and if you want to make the fact that this book, chair, or table belongs to you, add a ui ( ~ui; ~’s) after any pronoun or noun. For example ; i geoseun jeoui chaegieyo ( ee-geoseun juh-ae chaeg-ee-ae-yo; this is my book). Just like in English, the person that owns is placed to the left of the thing that is owned.The formula would be as follows: possessor + possessed.
However, Koreans will rather often omit the ui ( ~ui; ~’s) in everyday conversation. For example, Koreans will often use uri hoesa ( oo-ree-hwae-sa; our company), uri giji ( oo-ree gee-jee; our base camp) and jon eomma ( jon-um-ma; John’s mom) and omit the ui . Although ui maybe omitted in everyday conversations, it is important to know that ui reflects possession.
Verbs
In English, verbs conjugate according to person and number. In Korean, this doesn’t happen. Verbs such as “to be” and “to have” are the same for him
[e.g., Tom] or her [e.g., Jane] and you and me.
This doesn’t mean that verbs in Korean are a one size fits all kind of deal. Not only do verbs indicate whether or not you are speaking about the past, present, and show intent of future action, but they also show the level of respect that you hold for the subject in your sentence. Hence, if you want to effectively insult your enemy, or impress your in-laws, you must understand how to use verbs.
06_037188-ch02.qxp 6/24/08 11:06 PM Page 32
Part 1: Getting Started
32
Knowing the basic verb forms
The verbs of a sentence are conjugated using the stems of the dictionary and informal polite form.
Dictionary form: The dictionary form of the verb is what you use to look up a verb in the dictionary. Alone, they behave like English infini-tives such as to see, to go. All the dictionary forms of verbs end in da ( da; no English translation). Few examples are boda ( bo-da; to see), mannada ( man-na-da; to meet), and itda .( it-da; to have).
Verb stem: The verb stem is simply the dictionary form minus the da at the end. The verb stem is never used by itself. The stems of the words used in the example above are: bo ( bo; to see), man ( man; to meet), and it ( it; to have).
Informal polite form: The important thing to remember with informal polite form of the Korean language is that the sentence ends with yo ( yo; no English translation). I.e., the Informal polite form of the verb always ends in a yo . For example, bwayo ( bwa-yo; see), mannayo ( man-na-yo; meet) and iseoyo ( ee-ssuh-yo; have). Yo at the end of the sentence shows that you respect the person you are speaking to.
For example: jeoneun chingureul mannayo ( juh-neun chin-goo-reul mannayo; I am meeting a friend).
When I introduce a new verb, I will present it in both the dictionary form and informal polite form. Just remember that the dictionary form ends with “ da ”
while the informal polite form ends with “ yo ”.
Conjugating verbs
The key to conjugating verbs lies in the final syllable of the stem. And in almost all regular conjugations, conjugating the verb depends on one of two things.
Whether or not the stem ends in a vowel or a consonant
Whether or not the last syllable contains one of the following two vowels, a and o, which are called bright vowels by many linguists For example, the stems meok ( muk; eat), nol ( nol; play) and it ( it; have), end in eo, o, and i vowels.
Some of you might find
a-ee; our child),” and yes, they even use the
co-workers. Hence they refer to company prop—
term, uri nampyun (oo-ree-nampyun; our hus—
erty and homes as uri jib (oo-ree-jeeb; our
band), and uri jibsaram (oo-ree-jeeb-sa-ram;
house), juhui mitingnum (juh-hee-meeting-room;
our wife) when referring to their own spouses.
our meeting room), and uri dongne (oo-ree—
Just because a Korean uses the word uri (uri;
dong-nae; our neighborhood), as opposed to ne
our), don’t get any wrong ideas.
Possessive pronouns
Whose is whose is about as important as what is what, and if you want to make the fact that this book, chair, or table belongs to you, add a ui ( ~ui; ~’s) after any pronoun or noun. For example ; i geoseun jeoui chaegieyo ( ee-geoseun juh-ae chaeg-ee-ae-yo; this is my book). Just like in English, the person that owns is placed to the left of the thing that is owned.The formula would be as follows: possessor + possessed.
However, Koreans will rather often omit the ui ( ~ui; ~’s) in everyday conversation. For example, Koreans will often use uri hoesa ( oo-ree-hwae-sa; our company), uri giji ( oo-ree gee-jee; our base camp) and jon eomma ( jon-um-ma; John’s mom) and omit the ui . Although ui maybe omitted in everyday conversations, it is important to know that ui reflects possession.
Verbs
In English, verbs conjugate according to person and number. In Korean, this doesn’t happen. Verbs such as “to be” and “to have” are the same for him
[e.g., Tom] or her [e.g., Jane] and you and me.
This doesn’t mean that verbs in Korean are a one size fits all kind of deal. Not only do verbs indicate whether or not you are speaking about the past, present, and show intent of future action, but they also show the level of respect that you hold for the subject in your sentence. Hence, if you want to effectively insult your enemy, or impress your in-laws, you must understand how to use verbs.
06_037188-ch02.qxp 6/24/08 11:06 PM Page 32
Part 1: Getting Started
32
Knowing the basic verb forms
The verbs of a sentence are conjugated using the stems of the dictionary and informal polite form.
Dictionary form: The dictionary form of the verb is what you use to look up a verb in the dictionary. Alone, they behave like English infini-tives such as to see, to go. All the dictionary forms of verbs end in da ( da; no English translation). Few examples are boda ( bo-da; to see), mannada ( man-na-da; to meet), and itda .( it-da; to have).
Verb stem: The verb stem is simply the dictionary form minus the da at the end. The verb stem is never used by itself. The stems of the words used in the example above are: bo ( bo; to see), man ( man; to meet), and it ( it; to have).
Informal polite form: The important thing to remember with informal polite form of the Korean language is that the sentence ends with yo ( yo; no English translation). I.e., the Informal polite form of the verb always ends in a yo . For example, bwayo ( bwa-yo; see), mannayo ( man-na-yo; meet) and iseoyo ( ee-ssuh-yo; have). Yo at the end of the sentence shows that you respect the person you are speaking to.
For example: jeoneun chingureul mannayo ( juh-neun chin-goo-reul mannayo; I am meeting a friend).
When I introduce a new verb, I will present it in both the dictionary form and informal polite form. Just remember that the dictionary form ends with “ da ”
while the informal polite form ends with “ yo ”.
Conjugating verbs
The key to conjugating verbs lies in the final syllable of the stem. And in almost all regular conjugations, conjugating the verb depends on one of two things.
Whether or not the stem ends in a vowel or a consonant
Whether or not the last syllable contains one of the following two vowels, a and o, which are called bright vowels by many linguists For example, the stems meok ( muk; eat), nol ( nol; play) and it ( it; have), end in eo, o, and i vowels.
Some of you might find
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