security services, assassinated, or have gone into hiding, and I have noted those in the list of interviewees.) Of course, many interviewees chose to remain anonymous. I have also drawn on documents filed in criminal cases involving jihadist militants in the United States, Italy, Belgium, Spain, Germany, and the United Kingdom. And I have mined books written by al-Qaeda’s leaders and former Taliban officials; thousands of pages of transcripts of U.S. military tribunal proceedings of prisoners held at Guantánamo Bay; first-hand accounts about al-Qaeda from newspapers from around the Muslim world; and a trove of al-Qaeda-related documents and publications going back to the late 1980s that I have collected over the years. I also used material derived from several hundred books that touch on aspects of the story and thousands of articles and government documents and other reports that I have collected on this subject, the most useful of which are referenced in the endnotes and bibliography. Also useful were the many publications and statements by al-Qaeda’s leaders or other militant strategists. When it comes to transliterating Arabic names or terms, I have used conventional English spellings, for instance, Osama bin Laden, al-Qaeda, and Omar Abdel Rahman.
Interviewees
Hassan Abbas Dr. Abdullah Zachary Abuza David Albright “Matthew Alexander” Sydney Alford Hazarat Ali Imtiaz Ali Jason Amerine Abdullah Anas (Boudjema Bounoua) Peter Arnett Abdel Bari Atwan Hussein al-Awadi Salman al-Awdah Hutaifa Azzam Mahfouz Azzam Robert Baer Omar Bakri Mohamed Kenneth Ballen Arianna Barbazza David Barno Khaled Batarfi Milt Bearden Noman Benotman James Bernazzan Gary Berntsen Benazir Bhutto (Assassinated in Pakistan in 2007) Stephen Biddle Cofer Black Antony Blinken Jason Burke Daniel Byman Vincent Cannistraro Yigal Carmon Frank Cilluffo Peter Clarke Richard A. Clarke Jack Cloonan Eliot Cohen David Cohen Daniel J. Coleman Aukai Collins Elizabeth Colton Conrad Crane Roger Cressey Henry “Hank” Crumpton Robert Dannenberg Mohammed Daud Essam Deraz James Dobbins Brian Doyne Joshua Dratel Assad Durrani Jason Dye Paul Eedle Karl Eikenberry Charles “Sam” Faddis Saad al-Fagih Christine Fair William J. Fallon Mahmoun Fandy Khaled al-Fauwaz (Jailed in the UK in 1998) Yosri Fouda Tommy Franks Joe Frost “Dalton Fury” Brad Garrett Baltasar Garzon Fawaz Gerges Abdul Rashid Ghazi (Killed by Pakistani security forces in 2007) Susan Glasser David Gordon Karen Greenberg Robert Grenier Stephen Grey Alain Grignard Abdul Rahman al-Hadlag Stephen Hadley Mohammed Hafez Moinuddin Haider Hamid al-Haiys Kemal Halbawy Abu Hamza (Mustafa Kamel Mustafa, jailed in the UK in 2004) Abdul Haq Hanif (Jailed in Afghanistan) Sami ul-Haq Husain Haqqani Ali Hatem Neil Herman Thomas Hegghammer Gulbuddin Hekmatyar (In hiding) Andrew Higgins Bruce Hoffman Richard Holbrooke Pervez Hoodbhoy Ed Husain Zahid Husain Mansoor Ijaz Faraj Ismail Jamal Ismail Imdadullah (Jailed in Afghanistan) Abd al-Jabbar Saad al-Jabri Wael Jalaidan Sadritdin Jalilov Said Jawad Sterling Jensen Seth Jones Sydney Jones Peter Jouvenal Fred Kagan Hekmat Karzai Rita Katz Art Keller Jack Keane John Kerry Mullah Abdul Samad Khaksar (Assassinated in Kandahar in 2006) Jamal Khalifa (Murdered in Madagascar in 2007) Rhamad Khan Ismail Khan Jamal Khashoggi Khalid Khawaja (Assassinated by Taliban in 2010) David Kilcullen Daniel Kimmage Osama bin Laden (In hiding) Arif Lalani William Lambert Robert Lambert Patrick Lang Carie Lemack Clare Lockhart Douglas Lute Norine MacDonald Jean MacKenzie Michael Maloof Michele Malvesti Omar Khan Masoudi Ahmad Shah Massoud (Assassinated in Afghanistan in 2001) Brett McGurk John McLaughlin Richard Melton Joseph Melrose John Miller Khary Miller Hamid Mir Assaf Moghadam Haji Deen Mohammed Saad Mohseni Vahid Mojdeh Rolf